![\"Beat](\"https:\/\/nutrishield.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/car-rear-exhaust-fumes-F.jpg\" "\\"Beat")
<\/a><\/p>\nThe main culprit and most dangerous form is \u201cambient fine particulate pollution\u201d, largely caused by diesel fumes. These particles, called PM2.5, are extremely<\/em> small \u2013 about 2.5 microns across. In comparison, a human hair is about 80 microns across. Therefore, the particles are small enough to enter the lungs and bloodstream. The toxic gas nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a \u2018companion killer\u2019.<\/p>\n When they reach the heart, lungs and brain, these two toxins can cause chronic inflammation \u2013 which can lead to a cardiac arrest, lung cancer, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or stroke.<\/p>\n Worse still, the particles can impair the immune system and make you more susceptible to infections generally. And of course worsen asthma symptoms.<\/p>\n The premature death figures are shocking enough, but they are only the tip of the iceberg. For every person who dies early from air pollution, many more are made ill or hospitalised.<\/p>\n Although there are moves to reduce diesel engine use in cities, this invisible and insidious problem is not going to go away anytime soon.<\/p>\n However, a recent report from New York\u2019s Columbia University found that:<\/p>\n The Columbia University researchers first took healthy, non-smoking adults between 18 and 60 years of age, who lived in \u2018lightly polluted urban areas\u2019. None were taking any form of B vitamin supplements.<\/p>\n First, they measured heart rates, their heart rate variability (the time between heart beats) and white blood cell counts (a marker of immune status).<\/p>\n They gave the subjects a placebo for four weeks. Then they exposed them for two hours to concentrated PM2.5 pollution.<\/p>\n They tested the subjects again and found that all <\/em>their heart and immune markers had worsened. Their heart rate had increased \u2013 meaning that their hearts had to work harder. Their white blood cell count had increased by an average of 11.5%, which meant their immune systems were sensing a pathogenic attack such as an infection.<\/p>\n Worryingly, their heart rate variability had fallen by an average of 57%, which is a sign of blood pressure swings and that the body is under significant internal or external stress.<\/p>\n The subjects were then given four-weeks of vitamin B supplements. The participants took 50\u2009mg of vitamin B6, 2.5\u2009mg of folic acid (vitamin B9), and 1\u2009mg of vitamin B12 daily.<\/p>\n They were again exposed to PM2.5 pollution. This time, the pollution toxins had almost no effect<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Great \u2013 but why?<\/p>\n B vitamins are among the first vitamins depleted under stress when toxins are present.\u00a0 B vitamins are important in the creation of the body\u2019s detoxifying enzymes, which not only work in our liver, but in the lining of our airways.<\/p>\n B12<\/strong> is a particularly powerful detoxifying nutrient \u2013 indeed a study published in Experimental Biology and Medicine<\/em> found that high dose vitamin B12 can even be effective in cyanide detoxification!<\/p>\n However, the amounts of B vitamins used in the Columbia study were very high. For example, the level of B6 used was over 30 times the RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance) and that of B12 was over 350 times the RDA!<\/p>\n Although the Food and Nutrition Board at the US Institute of Medicine has not recorded any adverse effects linked to excess amounts of vitamin B12, it is true that vitamin B12 can interact with certain medications. So it would be important to consult your doctor before you take such a high-dose vitamin B complex supplement.<\/p>\n In principle, mega doses of any single nutrient are not desirable as the body uses a wide variety of nutrients that need to be balanced to get an overall synergistic health effect. The Columbia regime also did not include vitamin B2, which is rather odd as this vitamin is known to be important in the detoxification process.<\/p>\n Although the Columbia University results are impressive, there is another way to combat pollution with supplements that does not involve mega doses, as the B vitamins are not the only nutrients that are important in the detoxification process.<\/p>\n Vitamin C<\/strong>, for example, is a vital nutrient in helping the liver to break down and rid the body of toxins. A level of 500mg a day is optimum. The body absorbs what it needs and will excrete the excess \u2013 so any higher levels are generally wasteful.<\/p>\n Minerals<\/strong> are also important in detoxification \u2013 especially magnesium<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Supporting the lymphatic system<\/strong><\/em> also has a role. It is part of your\u00a0circulatory system\u00a0and a key part of the\u00a0immune system.<\/p>\n The\u00a0lymphatic system\u00a0comprises a network of\u00a0vessels\u00a0that carry a clear fluid, called\u00a0lymph, around the body. Lymph then transports toxic by-products from the lungs, liver and kidneys for eventual elimination.<\/p>\n Vitamins that support the lymphatic system include beta carotene<\/strong> (which converts to vitamin A as needed), vitamin C<\/strong>, vitamin E<\/strong>, and vitamin B6<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Finally, a supplement that gives specific support to the immune system<\/strong><\/em> would give even further protection. It should include vitamins A<\/strong> and \u00a0D3<\/strong>, curcumin<\/strong>, selenium<\/strong>, zinc<\/strong> and green tea extract<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Researchers at UCLA fed some smokers a large portion of broccoli every day for ten\u00a0days to determine if it would affect the level of inflammation within their bodies. They chose smokers because, of course, smoking is highly inflammatory.<\/p>\n After the 10 days, they tested the blood of the smokers and found that levels of an important inflammatory marker, called C-Reactive protein, were reduced.<\/p>\n So the broccoli did reduce inflammation. But how?<\/p>\n To find out, the researchers took\u00a0lung lining cells from the smokers and exposed them to broccoli extract in a petri dish. The cells showed a more than 100 times increase in detox-enzyme expression, compared to a non-cruciferous vegetable extract.<\/p>\n So the broccoli had been responsible for ‘turning on’ genes that were anti-inflammatory.<\/p>\n Next, the UCLA researchers exposed two sets of volunteers (non-broccoli-eaters and broccoli-eaters) to a level of diesel fumes equal to the daily rush-hour levels on the Los Angeles freeway.<\/p>\n Within six\u00a0hours, the number of inflammatory cells in the noses of the control group rose very significantly, and continued to rise. But inflammation levels in the group that received the \u201cbroccoli sprout extract,\u201d went down and remained low.<\/p>\n Since the dose in these studies is equivalent to the consumption of just one\u00a0or two\u00a0servings of broccoli a day, they concluded that:<\/p>\n \u201c… their study demonstrates the potential preventive and therapeutic potential of broccoli.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n For good measure, some Chinese researchers \u2013 where they have some of the worst air pollution in the world \u2013 were able to show that consuming broccoli sprouts resulted in the ability to detoxify 60% more benzene from the body than a control. \u00a0Benzene is a known human carcinogen.<\/p>\n If you live in a city, it is definitely worth increasing your intake of cruciferous vegetables (eg. kale, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, spring greens) and broccoli<\/strong> in particular. And up your intake of fruits like blackcurrants<\/strong>, raspberries<\/strong> and blueberries<\/strong> that contain high levels of protective flavonoids.<\/p>\n Consider a comprehensive health food supplement to boost your overall ability to counteract air pollution.<\/p>\n The supplement should have well above RDAs of B vitamins, but also include a balanced range of other nutrients at optimum levels that also support the lymphatic system and immune system. NutriShield is a very broad range supplement that was formulated to do that – and indeed more. See www.nutrishield.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n If you enjoyed this article, please share it with family and friends. You can follow us on Facebook or Twitter for daily headline health tweets.<\/p>\n [DISPLAY_ACURAX_ICONS]<\/p>\n Dr Paul Clayton designed NutriShield as a comprehensive health Or read chapters here FREE simply by registering your email address<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/a>Studies from the USA show that living in a polluted city is associated with a 27%<\/strong> increase in cardiovascular death, an almost 75%<\/strong> increase in the risk of a heart attack, and a 28%<\/strong> increase in lung cancer death \u2013 compared with living in a clean air area.<\/p>\nSo how can you defend yourself?<\/h2>\n
The good news<\/h3>\n
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The Columbia New York study<\/h4>\n
Results of exposure to PM2.5 pollution<\/h5>\n
Results with vitamin B supplementation<\/h5>\n
Why B vitamins are so effective<\/h3>\n
But comprehensive supplementation may be even better
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/a><\/p>\nThe broccoli studies
\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/a>Extensive research has shown that broccoli can not only boost the activity of the detoxification enzymes in the liver, but act as a cancer fighter.<\/p>\nThe University of California Los Angeles study<\/h4>\n
Results of broccoli on smokers<\/h5>\n
Results of broccoli on diesel fume exposure<\/h5>\n
What should you<\/u> do to defend against the effects of air pollution?
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\n<\/a>And register now for a free monthly e-newsletter on the latest in nutrition and health research.<\/h4>\n
\n<\/a> supplement with OPTIMUM levels of essential nutrients. See more detail elsewhere on this site or click on the button.<\/p>\n
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